Wk 4 - Publishing/Leadership Project: Ready to Present

The Impact of School Consolidation

Abbie Toy

Introduction

     Many people do not understand the immense effect a school system has on its rural community until it is too late.  Communities need to be aware of the negative impact that school consolidation has on students, teachers, and community members. Rural and small communities are impacted significantly when the doors of their local schools are closed due to consolidation. Life in small towns often revolves around student activities, school affiliated sports events, and educational opportunities.  The reasons behind school consolidation recently have been budget cuts and other financial worries. When it comes to education, our focus has to turn from money and center on the students.

      I began by asking I wonder what would happen if there was a safe place for individuals to share their thoughts and opinions on the effects of school consolidation. School consolidation must be discussed, debated, and researched in order to ensure the accurate decision is made.  I wanted to use some of the Web 2.0 tools that I was introduced to while earning my Master’s degree at Full Sail University in Florida.  Our world is constantly changing and the way we communicate is becoming more sophisticated, so educators must be fluid and flexible enough to keep up with these changes. I wanted to find an interactive tool that would allow me to offer up-to-date news on consolidation, share contact information for local government officials, and make use of an interactive feature for discussion between members. My purpose is to demonstrate how I am improving my practice as an educator as well as how I can contribute to the body of literature on the effects of school consolidation on students, teachers, and communities.  At this point, there is little research showing concrete results of studies being done in this area.

     This could not only make a difference in my life, but the lives of students in my community. I did not expect just how emotional this topic would be for me. As the school where I currently teach faces consolidation, it is important to me to expose the negative aspects of consolidation for students. The students in our rural school are extremely important to me and as I read about the consequences they will face during consolidation, my heart breaks for them.  I want everyone to know that students often feel lost when moved to a larger school and sometimes lose interest in performing academically. Other negative affects for students include high dropout rates, decreased achievement, increased violence, decreased relationship bonds with teachers and staff, and longer transportation times.

     Consolidation affects communities negatively by forcing community members to move in search of employment, harming the well-being of local business owners, removing the center of activity, and threatening the very survival of the town. Often the communities end up falling apart completely.  The advantages of small schools seem to outweigh any argument presented for consolidated schools.

     The more research I look at, the stronger I feel that school consolidation would be a disastrous choice for the education program in Indiana. I hope that my ability to combine my research with the Web 2.0 tools I’ve been learning about will open people’s eyes to the importance of this issue and force government officials to do more research before carrying out school consolidations.

Literature Review

     Using current research, I have written a literature review about the effects of school consolidation on students, schools, and communities. While writing my literature review I found that communities, students, and schools are all negatively impacted by school consolidation. Possibly the greatest casualty in the school consolidation battle is student achievement. When students from small communities are moved to unfamiliar, larger schools, the results are often negative in nature. Small schools find pride in a low number of absences, a high graduation rate, and little to no violent or disruptive behavior. This is accredited to the family-like feel of small schools. Students from small schools revel in the fact that everyone knows their name, they have one-on-one time to create relationships with teachers, and feel comfortable in asking questions or seeking help. Help and encouragement abound in this type of environment.

     Rural and small communities are impacted significantly when the doors of their local schools are closed due to consolidation. Life in small towns often revolves around student activities, school affiliated sports events, and educational opportunities.  It is not only the faculty and students who are affected by a school closing, but also families, small businesses, school boards, and homeowners. As school consolidation becomes more popular, communities are rallying around their small schools in order to save themselves.  I’ve found that educators and community members believe that small schools offer a significant beneficial impact on students, teachers, and the community.  Research indicates that the disadvantages of school consolidation outweigh the positive aspects.

Methodology

     I have created a Ning site where educators can share their thoughts and opinions on school consolidation. This has allowed me to discuss consolidation with several different educators and community members and conclude that they have seen the effects of consolidation and do not support it.  I used several different strategies to obtain data on school consolidation.

     I chose to get involved with Ning.com because it is a place where teachers can interact and share. The more I thought about it, the more I realized that teachers need to be able to share their feelings and thoughts about school consolidation on a site where they will not be judged or criticized. Instead of me standing in front of an audience presenting information, I want teachers to be able to share ideas and support each other.

          The data I collected was gained through a mixed approach.  My first step in setting up my interactive Ning.com site was to send out an email to approximately 50 teachers and staff members outlining my plan.  After completing this step, the only thing to do was wait.  To my surprise, only 4 people joined my website, so I did not have much data to analyze. I created a quiz on SurveyMonkey.com, which would qualify as quantitative data. The survey collected responses to questions about whether or not school consolidation would negatively impact students, teachers, staff, and the community. It also asked participants if they knew how to contact their state governor, and if they had ever done so.  It is surprising to find that a very limited number of individuals have ever expressed their concerns with their local government officials. Feelings and opinions are easily expressed among peers, but withheld from the individuals who need to hear it the most.  

     I also collected quantitative data by creating an online petition on signappnow.com. It asked adults to sign if they agreed that school consolidation should be stopped in Indiana.

The last two types of data I collected were qualitative.  I created a video, which I posted on my Ning site, that displayed several teachers and staff members at my school discussing why they think school consolidation would negatively impact the students, themselves as teachers, or the community. I was able to watch the teachers as they spoke about consolidation, noting their facial expressions and tone of voice. I also created several discussion posts on the Ning site, where I will be able to read responses and gauge members’ feelings on consolidation.

Results

      After sending out a large number of emails to coworkers and friends, I was extremely surprised to find that only 4 teachers signed up to be a part of my Ning Social Network!  Some staff from my workplace even emailed me to tell me how great of an idea it was, but never joined the site. I am a bit confused by this. One deterrent (in my opinion) is that you have to “sign up” to be able to participate. Teachers feel strapped for time as it is, and do not want to take the time to fill in information about themselves for the site. I believe that if the site were something that you could just jump on when you had a free minute and explore, more people would be open to trying it. Ning has also recently begun charging for their service, which will discourage individuals from signing up.

     I also made some adjustments to my site in order to attract more visitors. I began to utilize the chat option when navigating the site.  Instead of just keeping track of how many members I have on the site, I am managing the site more (checking for latest activity, interacting with members, staying online for longer periods of time, etc.)  I am graphing my results and still trying to pull in more members.

     Because of the disappointing results at the beginning (only 4 members), I began to think of different ways to get the word out about my Ning site.  I decided to use Web 2.0 tools to connect with people and get their thoughts and feelings on school consolidation. Instead of relying on email I began using new and upcoming Internet tools such as Facebook, Twitter, and Blogger to get the word out about my new website. I began to have a much higher response, which in turn helped me with the data collecting I described above. I now have more survey responses, more signatures for the petition, and multiple replies to my discussion posts. After hearing from Ning members, I know now that I’m not the only person who does not agree with school consolidation!


Conclusion

     Small school systems are facing the threat of closure based on budget cuts in each state.  Although community members, teachers, staff, and parents of small schools are opposed to this idea, they don’t know what action to take.  I have decided to use an interactive web-based community where members can discuss the latest updates on consolidation news, find contact information for local governors, and express their opinions in a safe and supportive environment.  After looking at dozens of sites, I decided that Ning.com fit my needs effectively. Setting up the website was easy, but convincing individuals to sign up for the service and participate was the hard part. I found that many community members in our rural town were intimidated by technology and hesitant to try something new.  Although many people expressed strong opinions against school consolidation, my site failed to become the “community” I had imagined.

     I started out by trying to obtain members through an email explaining my purpose, but quickly found that Web 2.0 tools would be more useful in connecting more people to my new site. I really thought that more teachers and staff members from the school I teach in would respond positively to signing up for my website. Because of the rural nature of our school and community, I think that people were not comfortable going to this unknown site and creating an account. 

     Personal Learning Environments (PLE’s) have been important during my research because I have examined many different learning environments in order to choose the correct site to use for my project. I chose a Ning.com site because of how open and flexible it is. Each member is able to customize their page in order to fit with their needs, which is what a personal learning environment is all about! It is also important for the administrator (me, in this case) to be able to use online content delivery in order to teach members how to contact the Indiana governor and post important information about school consolidation.

     If the goal of education is to foster the best possible environments for learning and success, school consolidation should not be an option for our communities.  School consolidation, although suggested for valid reasons, diminishes environments that are proven to help students become successful graduates, citizens, and employees.  There are two major groups of people that are damaged when school consolidation is carried out:  communities and students.  We can no longer sit back and allow our small schools to disappear. It is our responsibility as teachers, parents, and community members to speak up and save our schools for the students’ sake!

    

file:///Users/abbietoy/Desktop/Toy_Abbie_PubLeadProject.docx 

Wk 4 Publishing/Leadership Project Part 3 of 3: What a ride!

I just finished my article and it is ready for submission! I have chosen to submit my article to Research Papers in Education Journal by Taylor & Francis, which I found by doing a google search for educational journals. I think that this journal will be the best fit for my article and I can't wait to see if they actually publish it! 


I never imagined writing an article for publication before I came Full Sail University! This journey has taken me to places I never could have imagined - and I'm so thankful for this opportunity!

Wk 4 Choice, Publishing/Leadership Project Part 2 of 3: Decisions, Decisions...

After a lot of thought and consideration about my publishing/leadership project, I have narrowed it down to Edutopia, TechTrends, and the Research Papers in Education Journal by Taylor & Francis. I would love to publish my paper with one of these 3 options.

The first two I found through Professor Joe's list, and the last one I found by doing an online search myself. I am currently researching all three options in order to find the place that fits my needs most effectively. I've gone back and forth with some of the pros and cons of each option, and need to narrow it down to two before making my final decision! I have never done anything like this before - so the task is a little daunting!

Wk 4 Comment - Joe's Blog

Joe said:

Week 4 Reading: Misplaced Blame or Beyond the Board

"BLAME" by Joe Huber 2010

"The first part is to declare 'I am the framework for everything that happens in my life'" (Zander, 2000).

It's easy to get caught up in the blaming game. Fingers are pointed and words are exchanged. Each side strives to make their point so effectively (and sometimes loudly) that they don't often hear what the other person is trying to say. Sometimes this is the outcome of the particular game that we have chosen to play. Far too often we feel like we are at the whim of some larger force or some grand scheme when, in reality, we have the ability to shape our own destinies simply in viewing the world from reality glasses.

Far too often I've seen the fault and blame waltz, and sometimes I've been a willing participant. After all, it's easy to blame a slight fumble or misstep on your dance partner claiming that they have two left feet or stepped on yours.

It's that system of reward and punishment that we use to measure accountability that facilitates this behavior. Consider that high stakes standardized test that is administered to our students each spring, and you'll see what I mean. Students either score high, which results in a reward for them (passing to the next grade level), reward for the school (A status earns prestige and more money), and rewards for the staff (continued employment). Should these students not do well on the test, they are held back, schools lose funding, and employees are fired. For two years in a row, my school has failed to make AYP, despite being an A+ school. The first year we were told it was the fault of the teachers because we weren't differentiating enough. The teachers in turn blamed the students saying that they failed the test on purpose or just weren't smart enough. This year there was another round of blame, but I didn't pay attention to it. I zoned out.

I would rather be the board than one of the players this year. Maybe those students who didn't win the game last year did so because they really didn't want to play it. At some point we have to realize that the rules were written by adults, for adults. Children are the innocent pawns that are forced to play the board game when they would rather play a video game. They are bored with the board.

In typing this I've just had an epiphany. I don't want to be the board, I want to be the playing field.

Zander, R.S., & Zander, B. (2000). The art of possibility. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Abbie Toy said...

@Joe -
Wow- the last paragraph in your post took my breath away! When you talk about children being the "innocent pawns" and being "bored with the board" you could not be more right on target! Often your insights from the reading make me re-evaluate how I interpret what I have read! Good job, Joe, and thanks so much for a new view on things!

August 23, 2010 4:29 PM 

Wk 4 Comment - Kathy's Blog

Kathy said:

Wk 4 Reading "WE all Have a Story..."

Each of us has a story about our EMDT year. We have shared the same courses and course directors, yet each of us has had a unique experience, because of the "life" that "happened" during the past 11 months.
A huge part of my experience can be related to the "WE story"! (Zander, 2000) "The WE story points to relationship rather than to individuals, to communication patterns, gestures, and movement rather than to discrete objects and identities." (p.183)
The WE encouraged growth. WE are each other's cheerleaders, support, and have shared laughter, prayers and tears. Competition was set aside, instead there is appreciation of unique styles and the focus on the "unseen threads that connect us all" (p.183)
The WE helps me to see the possibilities beyond the end of this journey to the beginning of another.
I am SO thankful for my EMDT WE story!

Wk 4 Reading - Deepest Fear

"Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate, our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure.  It is our light, not our darkness, that most frightens us.  We ask ourselves, who am I to be brilliant, gorgeous, talented, and fabulous- 
Actually, who are you not to be?
You are a child of God. 
Your playing small doesn't serve the world.  There is nothing enlightened about shrinking so that other people won't feel insecure around you.  We were born to make manifest the glory of God within us.  It is not just in some of us:  it is in everyone, 
And as we let our own light shine, we unconsciously give other people permission to do the same."  
-Marianne Williamson


I found this quote in Ch. 11 (Frameworks for Possibility) in our textbook, and it opened up a world of possibility for me! I have so much fear in my life (which I mentioned in the discussion boards for this week) and this quote identifies the fear, reminds me I am a child of God, and encourages me to be myself without fear! 


I also enjoyed the story in Ch. 11 about a woman named Alice Kahana and the very last thing she ever said to her brother. She has lived the rest of her life vowing to "not say anything that could not stand as the last thing she ever said." What if we thought about each thing we say to another human being as being the last? What would you change about what you say to your friends, family, and even strangers? I would change a lot of conversations I have...I would think more before I speak. What a great lesson to learn! 

Wk 3 Publishing/Leadership project part 1 of 3: So many options...

I have decided to write an article for my publishing and leadership project in my MAC class. There are not many articles out there about school consolidation, so I think it would  be best for me to add to the small collection of knowledge on the Internet. At this point I have just started to look through my options when it comes to submitting my paper.

As I look through the sample list that Professor Joe posted on FSO, I am leaning towards Edutopia. All the other journals listed are technology related, and I would like to focus more on the effects of school consolidation than on the Ning site I created to discuss these issues. I am hoping that I can look into submitting some more before making my final decision. There are a lot of options out there, and I just want to find the right fit for my work!

Wk 3 Choice: Statistics

Photo obtained from microsoft.com

56 million students will be enrolled in the United States school systems this fall. How many will you have a positive effect on this year?

7.2 million practicing teachers in the United States.
Are you teaching from the heart?

$7.2 billion spent on kids clothing in August 2009.
What about those kids who are not blessed with new clothes?

14.2 million computers avaliable in classrooms (that's 1 computer for every 4 students).  Do you incorporate computers into your teaching?

100% of public schools have Internet access. Are you using the many resources the Internet has to offer?

3,000 new words learned by an average student per year in the early school years. Are you contributing to children's vocabulary?

14% of individuals have a learning disability. Can you help them?

$2 billion spent each year on students who repeat a grade because they do not read well enough. Are you helping children learn to read?

1 million children drop out of school each year. Is there anything you can do to help stop drop-outs?

44 million adults in the United States can't read a simple story to a child because the reading is too difficult for them. Are you giving these children support at school?

15 minutes of out-of-school reading a day can expose students to more than a million words of text in a year. Are you telling kids the importance of reading?

As we start another school year, make sure you are doing your part to support and guide children in your school! You are a role model and the best encourager they might ever come in contact with! Ignite a spark...

All statistics obtained from chiff.com and readfaster.com

Wk 3 Comment: Stacie's Blog Post

Stacie wrote:

YOU CHOOSE, WHICH WILL IT BE?

“But our universe is alive with sparks. We have at our fingertips an infinite capacity to light a spark of possibility. Passion, rather than fear, is the igniting force. Abundance, rather than scarcity, is the context.”

~Zander & Zander

As I read this book, I have to shake my head and laugh. I’ve read these concepts before. They are beautiful and positive; just what a downtrodden, negative world needs to hear. Then it hits me. Oh ya…this is all biblical truth. Yes. These are biblical principals spoken throughout the bible by Jesus himself. Take for example the 4 practices for chapter 9, “Lighting a Spark.” Every one of these principles is about investing positive life into others.

1. Imagine that people are an invitation for enrollment

2. Stand ready to participate, willing to be moved and inspired

3. Offer that which lights you up.

4. Have no doubt that others are eager to catch the spark.

The most amazing aspect of this book and the remarkable point of this chapter is that it is our passion that holds the spark, the igniter. Ben Zander has used his passion for music to invest positive life into the people around him. The spark he invests is positive thinking.

“The secret was, I believe, that I genuinely wanted to share the music with the children, and I trusted their ability to respond to it and to be partners with me in our whole undertaking (Zander & Zander, 2000)

The other message that spoke to me in the reading was the concept of “the downward spiral.” This is the idea that our negativity thinking limits our possibilities in every area of our lives whether this is work, family, or personal goals. I know that I personally can be caught in the trap of negative energy in a quick hurry, especially when I’m frustrated with my current circumstances. Being a teacher is so hard when we are fighting unmotivated students, ridiculous standardized tests, and a scary economic situation, and sometimes, the weight can pull me into a downward spiral. However, I’m reminded to find the positive in it all, and I can say without a doubt that I love working with kids and the slightest possibility that I might spark or inspire something within them. When I look at my career from that perspective, the rests seems to melt away for another day. In fact, I like the idea of lighting a spark and participating in enrollment so much, that I am going to paint the phrase “Light a Spark” on the wall in my classroom. I’ve already commissioned the art teacher, who is also my great friend, to begin painting. Hopefully this phrase will remind me on those difficult days why I do what it is that I do. After all we all have a choice to make. Will we be the negative force or the positive force in the lives of others today?

 

Abbie Toy said...

Stacie,

Wow - I was blown away by this post! You gave me a whole new perspective on the reading (relating it to the Bible) and I feel so inspired by your words! I absolutely LOVE the fact that you are painting your classroom wall with the words "ignite a spark!" The kids are going to see that every single day and be moved to become better! Also, the photo you included with your post fit so perfectly! Great job, Stac!!

Wk 3 Comment: Kathy Kellen's Blog

Kathy says:

Am I ready to ignite new sparks?

As I continued the reading for this week I considered what I am passionate about...and about the practice of enrollment. The Zanders (2000, p. 126) list the steps to this practice:" 1. Imagine that people are an invitation for enrollment. 2. Stand ready to participate, willing to be moved and inspired. 3. Offer that which lights you up. 4. Have no doubt that others are eager to catch the spark. "

These are excellent reminders to me right now as I feel resistant to going back to work. EMDT is an all-consuming passion for me and I have loved having these past 3 months to focus fully on it! When thoughts creep in questioning how I'm going to finish this degree while starting the school year, I have to remind myself of the first 8 months of this program when I was teaching full time throughout!

So in two short weeks....

My fellow staff members and even more importantly, my students will be invitations for enrollment. I will be rested and ready to participate as a team member and facilitator, and eager to be inspired by the bright faces and personalities of my students. I will continue to offer them all I have learned in EMDT, and my passion for music and relationships. I will have no doubt that I will have students with shining eyes who will far exceed my expectations!

 

 

 

Abbie Toy said...

@Kathy -
I always love to hear your perspective on the reading, because often our thoughts intertwine:) You have such a "spark" about you, and I have no doubt that the kids see that and begin to ignite with passion for music!

I have returned to school and miss having my days free to explore ideas we have learned from Full Sail, but just remember we only have a few weeks left to enjoy this wonderful program:) I keep telling myself - be present, be present! Good job, Kathy!

Wk 3 Reading - Be Present

The reading for this week really hit home, because it talked about something I really have trouble with:  Being present in the moment.  I often find myself worrying about tomorrow or trying to change the past - when I need to let go of all the resistance in my mind and just be in the here and now. I know my life would be more stressfree if I could begin doing this in my day-to-day existence.

A quote from our textbook that I found interesting can be found on p. 102:

"Mistakes can be like ice.  If we resist them, we may keep on slipping into a posture of defeat.  If we include mistakes in our definition of performance, we are likely to glide through them and appreciate the beauty of the longer run."

What an idea - include mistakes in our perception of getting things done! From a young age we are taught to do things right the first time, to expect punishment for mistakes, and to be too hard on ourselves.  I want my son to know that everyone makes mistakes and they are a part of life - it is how you handle those mistakes that defines you. This book has been truly eye-opening for me...

Wk2 Free Choice - Make a Contribution

Just a few ideas of how you can be a contribution within your school (I'm going to be working on some of these myself):  

• give a genuine compliment to at least 5 students today
• make cookies to put in the teacher's lounge
• surprise a co-worker with a soda and candy bar on their desk for their break
• offer to take a co-worker's recess duty one day
• surprise students with brand-new pencils that have your school's name on them
• use stickers when grading papers today
• focus on one student a week and do something to make them feel special
• flash a BIG smile to everyone you pass in the hallway
• leave the school secretary a note of appreciation on his or her desk
• be a secret santa during the holidays
• work in the concession stand at the next sporting event held at the school
• invest time in writing a grant for supplies for your school
• organize an appreciation dinner for the custodians
• invite a guest speaker to come in to speak with the students

These are just a few ideas, but feel free to add your suggestions in the comment area! 

Wk 2 Comment - Sarah's Blog Post

Sarah wrote:

Starfish story-I’ve always loved this story because it is not about how many but about simply making a difference. This can very easily relate to teaching. So often we get caught up in numbers that we forget the person behind each number. Every student is an actual person and not just some lifeless object categorized under a certain letter of the alphabet. Each of them are stars waiting to be discovered. In a world where there is so much negativity and an unreasonable “standard” of what one should be like according to the media, it’s no wonder that many of our own students may feel like they are stranded on the shore, far from where they belong. Our job as teachers is to put them back into the ocean to help them realize that they are needed out there; that their contributions are gladly accepted; and that they too can make a difference. Even if we feel we may have only made a difference in one student’s life, it makes all the difference. Often times we don’t even see the impact we have on students. They usually go unknown. Think of the stories you hear on the radio or from others of how their teacher made a great impact on them. That teacher was probably completely unaware of it. As we do our best to be positive and treat them as the cherished and treasured starfish they are, the rest is up to them to continue steadfast on their journey. 

Contribution idea-Not about what did you get done today but what did you do to make a difference. 

White sheets of paper-Interesting concept and idea. It is important to be humble enough to ask for feedback. In addition, it allows us to know our learners on a much deeper level so that we can meet their needs and teach them in an engaging manner. As students are able to give feedback, they are also contributing to the class. They then feel they are being heard and are more apt to participate since their ideas are being implemented. 

After one of the orchestra members is called upon to conduct, he expresses, “I have been so critical of conductors, and now I see that what you have to do is as demanding as playing an instrument” (Zander & Zander, 2000, p. 73) I know I have been guilty of being critical of the ways in which I have been taught in previous classroom experiences. As I became a teacher, I then realized I was doing the very thing I had a great distaste for as a student. Now, I try to focus on the positive aspects of what my professors’ offer, so that I can emulate those same teaching methods in my own classroom. 

Abbie Toy

@Sarah -

I love how you took the starfish story from our textbook and applied it to teaching. I also liked the story because it really puts things in perspective! I completely agree when you said that it is our job as teachers to put students "back in the ocean" and help them realize they are needed in the world. Great job, Sarah! I enjoyed your post!

Wednesday, August 11, 2010 - 04:02 PM

Wk 2 Comment - Kathy's Blog Post

Kathy wrote:

A very wise friend gave me the advice to truly think of myself as a contributor to my section as I played the final two performances of Meredith Willson's "the Music Man". In the past ten years I have had the privilege to play in summer show pit orchestras with gifted musicians...especially in our woodwind section. "Being a contribution" (Zander, 2000) is embodied in that experience. Concentrating on the blend, on how our parts complement or play off of one another produces wonderful results for the section, and orchestra as a whole.

This show that just closed was especially poignant for me. I watched a young man take on a lead role that was a perfect fit for him, as his acting and singing made the character totally believable. But also I was transported back in time to a phone call from his mother saying she had a very nice eight year old son who wanted to take piano lessons and would I teach him...and the years that followed sitting beside him at the piano nurturing his musical talent and helping him to reach his goals.
That's what teachers do, and our students can make us extremely proud of them...it's our job, but also who we are. The impact we have left may never be truly known, or it may be incredibly humbling, as it was to me last night, to hear a past student say "everything I've accomplished musically is because of you"! I feel unbelievably honored to have been a contribution in this young man's life, and he has blessed me by being a contribution in mine as well!